MechasFluid
PIPES IN PARALLEL
Sunday, 24 May 2015 | 02:42 | 0 comment(s)
When two or more pipes are connected, so that the flow divides subsequently comes together again, the pipes are said to be in parellel.In this case, equation of continuity gives
Q= QA +QB
where, Q is the total flow rate and QA and QB are the flow rates through pipes A and B respectively.
Loss of head between the locations 1 and 2 can be expressed bby applying Bernoulli's equation either through the path 1-A-2 or 1-B-2.
Therefore, we can write
From the above discussion on flow through branched pipes (pipes in series or in parallel, or in combination of both), the following principles can be summarized.
- The friction equation must be satisfied for each pipe.
- There can be only one value of head at any point.
- Algebraic sum of the flow rates at any junction must be zero. i.e., the total mass flow rate towards thee junction must be equal to the total mass flow rate away from it.
- Algebraic sum of the products of the flux (Q^2) and the flow resistance ( thee sense being determined by the direction of flow) must be zero in any closed hydraulic circuit.
The principles 3 and 4 can be written analytically as
While Eq. 3.69 implies the principle of continuity in a hydraulic circuit. Eq 36.10 is referred to as pressure equation of the circuit.
CONCLUSION
Piping systems are documented in piping and instrumentation diagrams (P&IDs). If necessary, pipes can be cleaned by the tube cleaning process. Within industry, piping is a system of pipes used to convey fluids (liquids and gases) from one location to another. The engineering discipline of piping design studies the efficient transport of fluid.
"Piping" sometimes refers to Piping Design, the detailed specification of the physical piping layout within a process plant or commercial building. In earlier days, this was sometimes called Drafting, Technical drawing, Engineering Drawing, and Design but is today commonly performed by Designers who have learned to use automated Computer Aided Drawing / Computer Aided Design (CAD) software.
Plumbing is a piping system with which most people are familiar, as it constitutes the form of fluid transportation that is used to provide potable water and fuels to their homes and businesses. Plumbing pipes also remove waste in the form of sewage, and allow venting of sewage gases to the outdoors. Fire sprinkler systems also use piping, and may transport nonpotable or potable water, or other fire-suppression fluids.
Piping also has many other industrial applications, which are crucial for moving raw and semi-processed fluids for refining into more useful products. Some of the more exotic materials of construction are Inconel, titanium, chrome-moly and various other steel alloys.
REFERENCES
-Çengel, A. Yusof. Cimbala, M. John (2014). Fluid Mechanics. Singapore: Mc Graw Hill Education
-Douglas J. F. 2005. Fluid Mechanics. Pearson 5th Edition.
-Sturm T. W. 2001. Open Channel Hydraulics; McGraw-Hill. UK.
-Jain S. C. 2001. Open Channel Flow. John Wiley & Sons.
-Chin D.A. 2000. Water Resources Engineering. Prentice Hall.
-Subramanya K., 1997. Flow in Open Channels. Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi.
-Fluid Mechanics Module, Penerbit UTHM, Noor Aliza Ahmad, Roslinda Seswoya & Zarina Md Al
-(2009, Nov). Fluid Mechanics. Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluid_mechanics
-(2015,May). Pipe network analysis. Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pipe_network_analysis
-(2011, June). Branching pipe. Retrieved from http://www.unimasr.net/
-(2010, August). Pipe in series and parallel. Retrieved from http://nptel.ac.in/courses/112104118/lecture-36/36-1_flow_through_branched_pipe.htm
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